Article I, Section 4, Clause 1 places the “times, places, and manner” of federal elections squarely on Congress. Though states would hate it, if Congress tied some appropriation to the bill to make it “optional”, then every single state would hit it like a shark hitting a baitfish.
My proposals, which are admittedly not sufficiently detailed:
(1) All civilians, excluding those living abroad, shall be entitled to an early voting period not to exceed 30 days.
(2) All types of voting by mail are immediately abolished, except that members of the armed forces and civilians living abroad may be entitled to vote by mail for a period not to exceed 60 days from the date of the election.
(3) Voting registration is hereby abolished. In so doing, all American citizens who have reached the age of majority shall be eligible to receive, and shall obtain, a federally-issued identification card. Such card shall be used as identification for all citizens who wish to vote.
(4) If a person loses, misplaces, or is otherwise not in possession of the identification card, a card issued by the Social Security Administration or valid passport issued by the State Department shall be valid for purposes of voting.
(5) The vital statistic of death shall hereafter be considered a federal record subject to NARA, and the several states shall provide such records to or update such records for NARA for verification within 7 days of the date of the election. All votes shall be verified against the federal registry of NARA, and all votes found to be cast by a person deceased after the casting of such vote shall be declared invalid.
(6) All ballots otherwise not cast by mail shall be pre-canvassed by 11:59 PM on the day of the election. Federal funding shall be made available for provision of contemporary tabulation technology for all localities to ensure compliance with federal law.
(7) At least 1 member(s) of each political party represented on the ballot may freely, without obstruction, observe the pre-canvassing procedure, and may be permitted to be as close as 3 feet to the officials conducting the pre-canvassing while such activity occurs.
That should about take care of Election Day issues, I’d think. You ensure that the vote is as open as possible but restricted to only living American citizens. It puts more burden on the feds, but adds relatively less to the localities administering the election.